Total joint replacement (an arthroplasty) is a procedure which involves removing part or all of the damaged joint and replacing it with artificial implants.

Trauma surgery is the specialisation in surgery that focuses on the treatment and care of injuries, often life-threatening, that are caused by impact forces.

A broken bone or bone fracture occurs when a force exerted against a bone is stronger than the bone can bear.

Arthritis is the swelling and tenderness of one or more joints

The vertebrae protect your spinal cord and allow you to stand and bend. A number of problems can change the structure of the spine or damage the vertebrae and surrounding tissue.